AC-18 - Discrete Dots
Descrição
Staining of GW bodies in the cytoplasm of interphase cells with high numbers in late S/G2 cells. e.g. anti-GW182, anti-Su/Ago2.
Associação Antigênica
GW182, Su/Ago2, *no molecular evidence to support this pattern is associated with lysosomal targets
Doença Associada
PBC,SARD, neurological and autoimmune conditions
Relevância Clínica (Primeiro Nível)
Autoantibodies revealing the AC-18 pattern have been reported in distinct SARD and in a variety of other diseases; their prevalence in unselected or specified disease cohorts has not been thoroughly studied
Antigens recognized include GW-body (Processing or P body) antigens (Ge- 1/Hedls, GW182, and Su/Ago2) and endosomal antigens (EEA1, CLIP-170, GRASP-1, and LBPA); specific immunoassays for these autoantibodies are currently not commercially available
Autoantibodies to GW-bodies and endosomes may yield slightly different HEp-2 IIFA patterns.
Relevância Clínica (Segundo Nível)
Autoantibodies to GW bodies. The most common clinical presentations in a single study with 55 positive sera were neurological symptoms (i.e. ataxia, motor and sensory neuropathy; 33%), SjS (31%), and the remainder had a variety of other diagnoses including SLE, RA, and PBC.
Autoantibodies to GW bodies. Analysis by ALBIA and immunoprecipitation of recombinant proteins indicated that autoantibodies were directed against Ge-1/Hedls (58%), GW182 (40%), and Su/Ago2 (16%)
Autoantibodies to endosomal components.Autoantibodies to EEA1 were seen in a variety of conditions, but ~40% of the patients had a neurological disease.
Autoantibodies to endosomal components. Autoantibodies to CLIP-170 were reported in 4 patients with different diseases including the prototype patient with SLE and AIM; the remaining 3 patients had limited cutaneous SSc, glioblastoma, and idiopathic pleural effusion.
Autoantibodies to endosomal components. Autoantibodies to both LBPA and GRASP-1 have not been studied thoroughly in unselected or specified disease cohorts; anti-GRASP-1 autoantibodies were detected in 17% of PBC sera.
Most reports describing autoantibodies directly binding to specific endosomal antigens do not show correlations with the AC-18 pattern as such; specific immunoassays for the autoantibodies reacting with antigens of GW bodies or endosomes are currently not commercially available.
Referências
Bhanji RA, Eystathioy T, Chan EK, et al. Clinical and serological features of patients with autoantibodies to GW/P bodies. Clin Immunol 2007;125:247–56.
Griffith KJ, Ryan JP, Senecal JL, et al. The cytoplasmic linker protein CLIP-170 is a human autoantigen. Clin Exp Immunol 2002;127:533-8.
Stinton LM, Eystathioy T, Selak S, et al. Autoantibodies to protein transport and messenger RNA processing pathways: endosomes, lysosomes, Golgi complex, proteasomes, assemblyosomes, exosomes, and GW bodies. Clin Immunol 2004;110:30–44.
Stinton LM, Selak S, Fritzler MJ. Identification of GRASP-1 as a novel 97 kDa autoantigen localized to endosomes. Clin Immunol 2005;116:108-17.
Stinton LM, Swain M, Myers RP, et al. Autoantibodies to GW bodies and other autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2011;163:147-56.